Yes. The higher the octane, the slower the burn rate and resistance to detonation. It is possible to slow a car down by using gasoline with too high of an octane for the compression/timing of a particular engine. A stock 69 350-4bbl motor should love 100 octane though.
It should be said that you will not make more power with a higher octane alone. It just enables you to have more aggressive spark advance and higher compression combustion stability.
